The automobile is a wheeled vehicle that is self-propelled and used for transport. It has four wheels and uses an internal combustion engine to move forward and backward. The word “automobile” comes from the French words autos (auto) and moble (car). Early cars were steam-powered or pulled by horses. In the 19th century, many inventors and engineers worked independently on developing cars that ran on an internal combustion engine. Karl Benz is credited with designing and building the first modern automobile, the Benz Patent-Motorwagen, in 1885. The Duryea brothers built 13 automobiles in Springfield, Massachusetts, by hand in 1896 and won the first car race against Benz vehicles.
The first benefits of Automobiles are Independence and freedom. Having a car lets you travel anywhere in your home country or abroad. You don’t have to wait for anyone or worry about making it to your stop on time. You can also choose your own route and avoid the bus stop crowds.
Another benefit is that the automobile can take you farther in a shorter time than public transportation. It can get you to work or school faster and more conveniently than walking, riding a bicycle or using a horse-drawn carriage. Automobiles can also help people shop and visit social events more easily than walking, riding a bike or using a taxi.
Automobiles are a vital part of modern society, but they have also led to problems such as air pollution and traffic congestion. People can reduce these problems by driving less and using alternative methods of transportation such as trains (steam, diesel or electric), buses and trams.
When deciding what features to include in the design of an automobile, manufacturers consider many factors. These include cost-efficient manufacturing, clear visibility and aesthetic appeal. In addition, the automobiles must be safe to drive. Some safety features include airbags, seat belts, anti-lock brakes and traction control. Some cars have special fuses and circuit breakers to protect against electrical overload.
The body of an automobile can be made from a variety of materials. Steel section pillars and steel sheet paneling are used on some vehicles, while aluminium is used for other parts of the car. The design of an automobile should provide good passenger comfort, including comfortable seats and space for cargo.
Automobile production is a major industry in many countries. The largest manufacturer of automobiles is China, followed by Japan and South Korea. Other important automobile producers are Germany, the United States and Italy. In 2005, 63 million cars and light-duty trucks were produced worldwide.
Many of these automobiles are sold in Europe, which is the world’s second-largest market after the US. Some of the world’s top automotive brands are located in Germany, Italy and Spain. The auto industry is dominated by multinational companies, with some companies producing both their own brands and engines for other manufacturers’ cars. Some of the largest manufacturers of automobiles and their components are Daimler-Benz, General Motors, Volkswagen, Toyota, BMW and Ford.